Reduce pollution risks and the negative impact of pollution from all sources, by2030, to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, considering cumulative effects, including: reducing excess nutrients lost to the environment by at least half including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use; reducing the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half including through integrated pest management, based on science, taking into account food security and livelihoods; and also preventing,reducing, and working towards eliminating plastic pollution.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicators:

• 7.1 Index of coastal eutrophication potential
• 7.2 Pesticide environment concentration*

Component indicators:

• Fertilizer use
• Proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flow safely treated
• Floating plastic debris density (by micro and macro plastics)
• Red List Index (impact of pollution)

Complementary indicators:

• Trends in loss of reactive nitrogen to the environment 
• Trends in nitrogen deposition Municipal solid waste collected and managed
• Hazardous waste generation
• Trends in the amount of litter, including microplastics, in the water column and on the seafloor
• Index of coastal eutrophication
• Plastic debris density

Identify by 2025, and eliminate, phase out or reform incentives, including subsidies, harmful for biodiversity, in a proportionate, just, fair, effective and equitable way, while substantially and progressively reducing them by at least 500 billion United States dollars per year by 2030, starting with the most harmful incentives, and scale up positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicators:

• 18.1 Positive incentives in place to promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable use
• 18.2 Value of subsidies and other incentives harmful to biodiversity that have been eliminated, phased our or reformed

Component indicator:

• Value of subsidies and other incentives harmful to biodiversity, that are redirected, repurposed or eliminated

Complementary indicators:

• Number of countries with biodiversity-relevant taxes
• Number of countries with biodiversity-relevant charges and fees
• Number of countries with biodiversity-relevant tradable permit schemes
• Trends in potentially environmentally harmful elements of government support to agriculture (producer support estimate)
• Trends in the number and value of government fossil fuel support measures
• Amount of fossil-fuel subsidies per unit of gross domestic product (production and consumption)

By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality

Explanation: Actions are taken to quantify, monitor and reduce or eliminate the negative impacts of pollution from poisoning, artificial lights, chemicals, noise, plastics and other sources on migratory species and their habitats.