This indicator is one of a new suite of Protected Area Representativeness and Connectedness (PARC) indices developed by CSIRO (Australia’s national science agency), working in partnership with GEO BON, GBIF and Map of Life. The indicator assesses an important element of Aichi Target 11 – i.e. the extent to which terrestrial protected areas form “well-connected systems of protected areas … integrated into the wider landscape”. This assessment is performed using a fine-scaled grid covering the entire terrestrial surface of the planet. Each protected grid-cell is scored in terms of how well connected it is to other protected cells, and to cells containing primary vegetation (habitat) in the surrounding non-protected landscape. The score obtained for each protected cell ranges between 0 and 1. PARC-connectedness for any given spatial reporting unit (e.g. IPBES region, country) is then derived by summing these scores across all protected cells within the unit, and dividing this sum by the number of protected cells, thereby expressing overall connectedness as a proportion (also ranging between 0 and 1).