最迟到2020年，消除、淘汰或改革危害生物多样性的鼓励措施（包括补贴），以尽量减少或避免消极影响，制定和执行有助于保护和可持续利用生物多样性的积极鼓励措施，并遵照《公约》和其他相关国际义务，顾及国家社会经济条件。

对鼓励浪费性消费的低效化石燃料补贴进行合理化调整，为此，应根据各国国情消除市场扭曲，包括调整税收结构，逐步取消有害补贴以反映其环境影响，同时充分考虑发展中国家的特殊需求和情况，尽可能减少对其发展可能产生的不利影响并注意保护穷人和受影响社区

到2020年，禁止某些助长过剩产能和过度捕捞的渔业补贴，取消助长非法、未报告和无管制捕捞活动的补贴，避免出台新的这类补贴，同时承认给予发展中国家和最不发达国家合理、有效的特殊和差别待遇应是世界贸易组织渔业补贴谈判的一个不可或缺的组成部分[1]

The public and private sectors have increased their efforts to apply guidelines and good practices for the wise use of water and wetlands.

Baseline

• 50% of Parties report actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 37% of Parties report actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 60% of Parties report private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (National Reports to COP12).
• % of Parties have national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Indicator

• % of Parties reporting actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties having national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).