Ensure and enable that by 2030 at least 30 per cent of terrestrial, inland water, and of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, are effectively conserved and managed through ecologically representative, well-connected and equitably governed systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, recognizing indigenous and traditional territories, where applicable, and integrated into wider landscapes, seascapes and the ocean, while ensuring that any sustainable use, where appropriate in such areas, is fully consistent with conservation outcomes, recognizing and respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities including over their traditional territories.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicator:

• 3.1 Coverage of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures

Component indicators:

• Protected area coverage of key biodiversity areas
• Protected Area Management Effectiveness (PAME)
• ProtConn
• Protected Area Connectedness Index (PARC-Connectedness)
• Red List of Ecosystems
• Connectivity Indicator
• The number of protected areas that have completed a site-level assessment of governance and equity (SAGE)
• Species Protection Index

Complementary indicators:

• Protected area downgrading, downsizing and degazettement (PD)
• Status of key biodiversity areas
• IUCN Green List of Protected and Conserved Areas
• Number of hectares of UNESCO designated sites (natural and mixed World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves)
• Protected area and other effective area-based conservation measures management effectiveness (MEPCA) indicator
• Protected Area Isolation Index (PAI)
• Protected Areas Network metric (ProNet)
• Extent to which protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures cover key biodiversity areas that are important for migratory species
• Coverage of protected areas and other effective areabased conservation measures and traditional territories (by governance type)
• Ramsar Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (RMETT)
• Percentage of biosphere reserves that have a positive conservation outcome and effective management
• Extent of indigenous peoples and local communities’ lands that have some form of recognition
• Species Protection Index
• Number of countries implementing national legislation, policies or other measures regarding free, prior and informed consent related to conservation
• Red List of Ecosystems
• Proportion of terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecological regions which are conserved by protected areas or other effective area-based conservation measures

By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.

By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.

By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.

By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.

By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification.

Wetland benefits are featured in national/local policy strategies and plans relating to key sectors such as water, energy, mining, agriculture, tourism, urban development, infrastructure, industry, forestry, aquaculture, fisheries at the national and local level.

Baseline

• 19% of Parties have made assessment of ecosystem services of Ramsar Sites. (National Reports to COP12).
• 70% of Parties have included wetland issues within national strategies and planning processes such as water resource management and water efficiency plans. (National Reports to COP12).
• 47% of Contracting Parties have included wetland issues within National Policies or measures on agriculture. (National Reports to COP12).

Indicator

• % of Parties that have made assessment of ecosystem services of Ramsar Sites. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have included wetland issues within national strategies and planning processes such as water resource management and water efficiency plans. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have included wetland issues within National Policies or measures on agriculture. (Data source: National Reports).

The public and private sectors have increased their efforts to apply guidelines and good practices for the wise use of water and wetlands.

Baseline

• 50% of Parties report actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 37% of Parties report actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 60% of Parties report private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (National Reports to COP12).
• % of Parties have national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Indicator

• % of Parties reporting actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties having national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

National wetland inventories have been initiated, completed or updated and disseminated and used for promoting the conservation and effective management of all wetlands.

Baseline

• At COP12, 47% of Parties have a complete national wetlands inventory. (National Reports to COP12).
• At COP13, [XX]% of Parties % of Parties have updated their national inventories in the last decade. (New question for National Reports).

Indicator

• % of Parties that have complete national wetland inventories. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have updated their national inventories in the last decade. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Enhanced sustainability of key sectors such as water, energy, mining, agriculture, tourism, urban development, infrastructure, industry, forestry, aquaculture and fisheries, when they affect wetlands, contributing to biodiversity conservation and human livelihoods.

Baseline

-

Indicator

Possible further indicators that may be developed

• {Indicators related to the relevant sectors especially using or linking to relevant Aichi Target indicators and other relevant international processes}.

Scientific guidance and technical methodologies at global and regional levels are developed on relevant topics and are available to policy makers and practitioners in an appropriate format and language.

Baseline

• In 2015, [543] ‘hits’ on scientific and technical guidance pages of the Ramsar web-site. (Data source: Google Analytics Ramsar web-site, May-June, 2015).
• In 2015, [60] ‘hits’ on STRP briefing notes from the Ramsar web-site. (Data source: Google Analytics Ramsar web-site, May-June, 2015)).
• In 2015, [176] ‘hits’ of relevant Ramsar Handbooks downloaded from the Ramsar web-site (Data source: Google Analytics Ramsar web-site, May-June, 2015).
• In 2015, [150} practical tools and guidance documents for wetland conservation and wise use, and other key scientific documentation, which has been developed by either STRP, Parties and others, and is available via the Ramsar website. (Data source: Ramsar web-site).

Indicator

• Number of ‘hits’ on scientific and technical guidance pages of the Ramsar web-site and associated subtotals by country and Ramsar Region of the source of these hits. (Data source: Ramsar web-site analytics).
• Number of STRP briefing papers downloaded from the Ramsar website and subtotals by country and Ramsar Region of the source of these downloads. (Data source: Ramsar web-site analytics).
• Number of relevant Ramsar Handbooks downloaded from the Ramsar web-site and subtotals by country and Ramsar Region of the source of these downloads. (Data source: Ramsar web-site analytics).
• Number of practical tools and guidance documents for wetland conservation and wise use, and other key scientific documentation, which has been developed by either STRP, Parties and others, and is available via the Ramsar website. (Data source: Ramsar web-site).

Possible further indicators that may be developed

• {Indicator(s) related to the use of guidance and availability in various language versions}.

International cooperation is strengthened at all levels.

Baseline

Regional Initiatives

• By COP12, [15] Regional Initiatives are in operation under the framework of the Ramsar Convention. (Ramsar Secretariat).
• 68% of Parties have been involved in the development and implementation of a Regional Initiative under the framework of the Convention. (National Reports to COP12).

Other aspects of co-operation

• 35% of Parties have established networks including twinning arrangements nationally or internationally for knowledge sharing and training for wetlands that share common features. (National Reports to COP12).
• 33% of Parties have effective cooperative management in place for shared wetland systems (for example in shared river basins and coastal zones). (National Reports to COP12).
• [XX]% of Parties have co-ordination mechanisms for the implementation of MEAs existing at a national level. (Data source: new question for National Reports).
• At COP12, 168 Parties have acceded to the Ramsar Convention. (Report of the Secretary General to COP12 on the implementation of the Convention, COP12Doc8).
• At COP12, [16] transboundary Ramsar Sites. (Data source: Ramsar Secretariat).

Indicator

Regional Initiatives

• Number of Regional Initiatives successfully implemented. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have been involved in the development and implementation of a Regional Initiative under the framework of the Convention. (Data source: National Reports).

Other aspects of co-operation

• % of Parties that have established networks including twinning arrangements nationally or internationally for knowledge sharing and training for wetlands that share common features. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have effective cooperative management in place for shared wetland systems (for example in shared river basins and coastal zones). (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties where co-ordination mechanisms for the implementation of MEAs exist at a national level. (Data source: new question for National Reports).
• Number of Parties which have acceded to the Ramsar Convention. (Data Source: National Reports).
• Total number of transboundary Ramsar Sites. (Data source: Ramsar Sites Database).