Ensure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal, preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spill-over, applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicator:

• 5.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels

Component indicators:

• Red List Index for used species
• Living Planet Index for used species
• Sustainable use of wild species

Complementary indicators:

• Sustainable watershed and inland fisheries index
• Red List Index (for internationally traded species and for migratory species)
• Marine Stewardship Council Fish catch
• Total catch of cetaceans under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
• By-catch of vulnerable and non-target species
• Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
• Proportion of legal and illegal wildlife trade consisting of species threatened with extinction
• Illegal trade by CITES species classification
• Number of countries incorporating trade in their national biodiversity policy
• Proportion of terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecological regions which are conserved by protected areas or other effective area-based conservation measures
• Implementation of measures designed to minimize the impacts of fisheries and hunting on migratory species and their habitats
• Number of MSC Chain of Custody Certification holders by distribution country
• Trends of trade and commercialization in biodiversity-based products that is sustainable and legal (in line with BioTrade Principles and/or CITES requirements)

Ensure that the management and use of wild species are sustainable, thereby providing social, economic and environmental benefits for people, especially those in vulnerable situations and those most dependent on biodiversity, including through sustainable biodiversity-based activities, products and services that enhance biodiversity, and protecting and encouraging customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicators:

• 9.1 Benefits from the sustainable use of wild species
• 9.2 Percentage of the population in traditional occupations

Component indicators:

• Number of people using wild resources for energy, food or culture (including firewood collection, hunting and fishing, gathering, medicinal use, craft making, etc.)
• Red List Index (species used for food and medicine)
• Living Planet Index for used species

Complementary indicators:

• Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels
• Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
• Number of MSC Chain of Custody Certification holders by distribution country
• Spawning stock biomass (related to commercially exploited species)
• Number of plant and animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in medium- or long-term conservation facilities
• Volume of production per labour unit by classes of farming/pastoral/ forestry enterprise size

By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.

By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity

By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.

By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.

By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity.

By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.

The public and private sectors have increased their efforts to apply guidelines and good practices for the wise use of water and wetlands.

Baseline

• 50% of Parties report actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 37% of Parties report actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 60% of Parties report private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (National Reports to COP12).
• % of Parties have national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Indicator

• % of Parties reporting actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties having national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Wetlands conservation and wise use are mainstreamed through communication, capacity development, education, participation and awareness.

Baseline

World Wetland Day

• 89% of Parties have branded Word Wetlands Day activities. (National Reports to COP12).
• In 2015 884 World Wetland Day activities or events reported to the Secretariat. (Data source: Ramsar Secretariat CEPA program)
• In 2015, [379} internet references (in the press) to World Wetland Day activities. (Data source: Meltwater internet analysis).
• In 2015, [58, 566} individual visits to the World Wetlands Day website. {Data source: worldwetlandsday.org website }.
• In 2015 Social media links to World Wetland Day: 16,135,974 people reached in FaceBook . (Data source: https://www.facebook.com/RamsarConventionOnWetlands) .
• 795 views of WWD message from Youtube channel (Data source Ramsar Youtube Channel https://www.youtube.com/user/RamsarConvention)
• 292,100 reached in Twitter (Data source https://twitter.com/RamsarConv)

CEPA programmes

• 80% of Parties with a) a governmental CEPA National Focal Point and 69% of Parties with b) a non-governmental National Focal Point. (Data source: Ramsar Secretariat Data Base and National Reports to COP12).
• 27% of Parties have established national action plans for wetland CEPA. (National Reports to COP12).

Visitor centres

• By COP12, 636 centres (visitor centres, interpretation centres, education centres) have been established in Ramsar sites. (National Reports to COP12).
• By COP12, 309 centres established at other wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).

Indicator

World Wetland Day

• % of Parties that have branded World Wetlands Day activities. (Data source: National Reports).
• Number of World Wetland Day activities or events reported to the Secretariat. (Data source: Ramsar CEPA program).
• Number of internet references to World Wetland Day activities. {Data source: internet analysis}.
• Number of internet references to the Ramsar Convention. {Data source: internet analysis}.
• Number of social media links to World Wetland Day. {Data source: social media analysis}.

CEPA programmes

• % of Parties with a) a governmental CEPA National Focal Point and b) a non-governmental National Focal Point (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have established national action plans for wetland CEPA. (Data source: National Reports).

Visitor centres

• Number of centres (visitor centres, interpretation centres, education centres) have been established in Ramsar Sites. (Data source: National Reports).
• Number of centres at other wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).

Possible further indicators that may be developed

• {Indicator(s) related to whether and how wetland conservation and wise-use issues are included formal education programmes}

 Objective 1.1 Parties comply with their obligations under the Convention through the adoption and implementation of appropriate legislation, policies, and procedures.

Indicator

• Indicator 1.1.1: Number of Parties that are in category 1 under the national legislation project.
• Indicator 1.1.2: Number of Parties subject to CITES recommendations to suspend trade.

Objective 1.3 Implementation of the Convention at the national level is consistent with Resolutions and Decisions adopted by the Conference of the Parties.

Indicator

• Indicator 1.3.1: Number of Parties that have implemented relevant reporting under Resolutions and Decisions of the Conference of the Parties and/or Standing Committee recommendations.

Objective 3.4 Parties recognize illegal trade in wildlife as serious crime and have adequate systems in place to detect and deter it.

Indicator

• Indicator 3.4.1: Number of Parties where criminal offences relating to illegal trade in wildlife (such as illegal hunting/harvest and wildlife trafficking) are recognized as a serious crime.

Objective 3.5 Parties work collaboratively across range, transit and destination states, to address entire illegal trade chains, including through strategies to reduce both the supply of and demand for illegal products, in order for trade to be legal and sustainable.

Indicator

• Indicator 3.5.1: Number of seizures made through Parties collaboration across range, transit and destination states, to address entire illegal trade chains.

Objective 4.2 The importance of achieving CITES’ aim as a contribution to achieving the relevant Sustainable Development Goals, as well as the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, is recognized.

Indicator

• Indicator 4.2.1: Number of Parties incorporating CITES into their National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), also included in the global and national Strategies for Plant Conservation under CBD programme.