Ensure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal, preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spill-over, applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.

• Guidance note

Indicators

Headline indicator:

• 5.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels

Component indicators:

• Red List Index for used species
• Living Planet Index for used species
• Sustainable use of wild species

Complementary indicators:

• Sustainable watershed and inland fisheries index
• Red List Index (for internationally traded species and for migratory species)
• Marine Stewardship Council Fish catch
• Total catch of cetaceans under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
• By-catch of vulnerable and non-target species
• Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
• Proportion of legal and illegal wildlife trade consisting of species threatened with extinction
• Illegal trade by CITES species classification
• Number of countries incorporating trade in their national biodiversity policy
• Proportion of terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecological regions which are conserved by protected areas or other effective area-based conservation measures
• Implementation of measures designed to minimize the impacts of fisheries and hunting on migratory species and their habitats
• Number of MSC Chain of Custody Certification holders by distribution country
• Trends of trade and commercialization in biodiversity-based products that is sustainable and legal (in line with BioTrade Principles and/or CITES requirements)

By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.

By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity

By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.

By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity.

By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.

By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification.

The traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous peoples and local communities relevant for the wise use of wetlands and their customary use of wetland resources are documented, respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention, with a full and effective participation of indigenous peoples and local communities at all relevant levels.

Baseline

-

Indicator

Possible further indicators that may be developed

• {Possible use or further development of indicator(s) linked to work currently being undertaken to develop indicator(s) for related Aichi Target 18 of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity}.

Capacity building for implementation of the Convention and the 4th Ramsar Strategic Plan 2016 – 2024 is enhanced.

Baseline

• 20% of Parties have made and assessment of national and local training needs for the implementation of the Convention. (National Reports to COP12).

Indicator

• % of Parties that have made an assessment of national and local training needs for the implementation of the Convention. (National Reports to COP12).

 Objective 1.1 Parties comply with their obligations under the Convention through the adoption and implementation of appropriate legislation, policies, and procedures.

Indicator

• Indicator 1.1.1: Number of Parties that are in category 1 under the national legislation project.
• Indicator 1.1.2: Number of Parties subject to CITES recommendations to suspend trade.

Objective 1.3 Implementation of the Convention at the national level is consistent with Resolutions and Decisions adopted by the Conference of the Parties.

Indicator

• Indicator 1.3.1: Number of Parties that have implemented relevant reporting under Resolutions and Decisions of the Conference of the Parties and/or Standing Committee recommendations.

Objective 1.5 Parties improve the conservation status of CITES-listed specimens, put in place national conservation actions, support their sustainable use and promote cooperation in managing shared wildlife resources.

Indicator

• Indicator 1.5.1: The conservation status of species listed on the CITES Appendices has stabilized or improved.
• Indicator 1.5.2: Number of CITES-listed species for which Parties have put in place actions that support sustainable use

Objective 3.4 Parties recognize illegal trade in wildlife as serious crime and have adequate systems in place to detect and deter it.

Indicator

• Indicator 3.4.1: Number of Parties where criminal offences relating to illegal trade in wildlife (such as illegal hunting/harvest and wildlife trafficking) are recognized as a serious crime.

Objective 3.5 Parties work collaboratively across range, transit and destination states, to address entire illegal trade chains, including through strategies to reduce both the supply of and demand for illegal products, in order for trade to be legal and sustainable.

Indicator

• Indicator 3.5.1: Number of seizures made through Parties collaboration across range, transit and destination states, to address entire illegal trade chains.

Objective 3.7 Investments in building capacity of CITES are prioritized, coordinated, and their success monitored to ensure stepwise improvement through time.

Indicator

• Indicator 3.7.1: Number of capacity-building activities delivered to Parties.
• Indicator 3.7.2: Number of Parties who report improvements in their implementation following targeted capacity-building efforts.
• Indicator 3.7.3: Total investments into capacity-building efforts.

Objective 4.1 Parties support sustainable wildlife trade policies, especially those that increase the capacity of Indigenous peoples and local communities to pursue livelihoods.

Indicator

• Indicator 4.1.1: Number of CITES-listed species for which Parties have designed/implemented relevant sustainable wildlife management policies.
• Indicator 4.1.2: Percentage of Parties that co-developed or otherwise supported the capacity of indigenous peoples and local communities to pursue livelihoods.