确保野生物种的使用、采猎、交易和利用是可持续的、安全的、合法的，防止过度开发， 减少对非目标物种和生态系统的影响, 减少病原体溢出的风险，采用生态系统方法，同时 尊重和保护土著人民和地方社区的可持续的习惯使用。

确保野生物种的管理和利用可持续，从而为人民，特别是处境脆弱和最依赖生物多样性的 人提供社会、经济和环境福利，包括通过可持续的生物多样性活动，能增强多样性的产品 和服务，保护和鼓励土著人民和地方社区的生计和可持续的习惯使用。

确保农业、水产养殖、渔业和林业领域得到可持续管理，特别是通过可持续利用生物多样 性，包括通过大幅度增加生物多样性友好做法的应用，如可持续集约化，农业生态和其他 创新方法促进这些生产系统的恢复力和长期效率和生产力，促进粮食安全，保护和恢复生 物多样性，并保持自然对人类的贡献，包括生态系统功能和服务。

最迟到2020年，生物多样性的价值已被纳入国家和地方的发展与扶贫战略及规划进程，并正在被酌情纳入国民经济核算体系和报告系统。

最迟到2020年，所有级别的政府、商业和利益攸关方都已采取措施，实现或执行了可持续的生产和消费计划，并将利用自然资源造成的影响控制在安全的生态阈值范围内。

到2020年，使所有自然生境（包括森林）的丧失速度至少降低一半，并在可行情况下降低到接近零，同时大幅度减少生境退化和破碎化程度。

到2020年，所有鱼群和无脊椎动物种群及水生植物都以可持续和合法的方式进行管理和捕捞，并采用基于生态系统的方式，以避免过度捕捞，同时对所有枯竭物种制定恢复计划和措施，使渔业对受威胁鱼群和脆弱生态系统不产生有害影响，将渔业对种群、物种和生态系统的影响控制在安全的生态阈值范围内。

到2020年，农业、水产养殖业及林业用地实现可持续管理，确保生物多样性得到保护。

到2020年，防止已知受威胁物种遭受灭绝，且其保护状况（尤其是其中减少最严重的物种的保护状况）得到改善和维持。

到2020年，提供重要服务（包括与水相关的服务），使有助于健康、生计和福祉的生态系统得到恢复和保障，同时顾及妇女、土著和地方社区以及贫穷和弱势群体的需要。

截至2015年，每个缔约方均已制定、作为政策文书通过并已开始实施有效的、参与性的、经过更新的国家生物多样性战略和行动计划。

The public and private sectors have increased their efforts to apply guidelines and good practices for the wise use of water and wetlands.

Baseline

• 50% of Parties report actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 37% of Parties report actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 60% of Parties report private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (National Reports to COP12).
• % of Parties have national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

Indicator

• % of Parties reporting actions taken to implement incentive measures that encourage the conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting actions taken to remove perverse incentive measures that discourage conservation and wise use of wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties reporting private sector undertaking activities for the conservation, wise use and management of wetlands in general. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties having national Ramsar Committees that include both governmental and non-governmental representation. (Data source: new question for National Reports).

The wise use of wetlands is strengthened through integrated resource management at the appropriate scale, inter alia, within a river basin or along a coastal zone.

Baseline

• 55% of Parties have adopted wetland policies or equivalent instruments that promote the wise use of their wetlands. (National Reports to COP12).
• 71% of Parties consider wetlands as natural water infrastructure integral to water resource management at the scale of river basin. (National Reports to COP12).

Indicator

• % of Parties that have adopted wetland policies or equivalent instruments that promote the wise use of their wetlands. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that consider wetlands as natural water infrastructure integral to water resource management at the scale of river basin. (Data source: National Reports).

Possible further indicators that may be developed

• {Involvement of stakeholders in various aspects of wetland and/or basin-scale management}

Wetland functions, services and benefits are widely demonstrated, documented and disseminated.

Baseline

• 19% of Parties have made assessment of ecosystem services of Ramsar sites. (National Reports to COP12).
• 39% of Parties have incorporated wetlands issues into poverty eradication strategies. (National Reports to COP12).
• 42% of Parties have implemented programmes or projects that contribute to poverty alleviation objectives or food and water security plans. (National Reports to COP12).

Indicator

• % of Parties that have made assessment of ecosystem services of Ramsar Sites. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have incorporated wetlands issues into poverty eradication strategies. (Data source: National Reports).
• % of Parties that have implemented programmes or projects that contribute to poverty alleviation objectives or food and water security plans. (Data source: National Reports).

Objective 4.1 Parties support sustainable wildlife trade policies, especially those that increase the capacity of Indigenous peoples and local communities to pursue livelihoods.

Indicator

• Indicator 4.1.1: Number of CITES-listed species for which Parties have designed/implemented relevant sustainable wildlife management policies.
• Indicator 4.1.2: Percentage of Parties that co-developed or otherwise supported the capacity of indigenous peoples and local communities to pursue livelihoods.